南水北调工程实施后江苏省城市生活及工业节水初探

根据建设节水型社会的需要,结合南水北调工程实施后对节水和治污的要求,探讨江苏省城市生活、工业用水现状,以及存在用水浪费、节水意识差、水重复利用率低、水污染严重等问题,分析了季节变化、生活习惯、城市规模、不同行业、生产工艺、管理水平等影响城市生活和工业用水的因素,并对其用水发展进行预测,提出了城市生活、工业节水依靠科技进步,合理配置水资源提高用水效率,防治水质污染,以节水为中心,以水资源保护为重点,完善法规,加强执法,建立节水型社会,通过5～10a的努力使江苏省城市生活和工业用水指标达到先进国家20世纪90年代末的水平,实现江苏经济可持续发展的战略目标和保护用水水源,实行计划管理,推广应用节水器具,优化产业布局,提高用水效率,防治环境污染,建立投入机制,促进节约用水等保障措施.

Preliminary discussion on urban domestic and industrial water saving in Jiangsu Province after implementation of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Based on the requirement of construction of a water-saving society, especially the requirement for water saving and pollution remediation after the implementation of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, a discussion was made on the current situation of domestic and industrial water consumption in Jiangsu Province, including the waste of water, low awareness of water saving, low rate of water reutilization, and serious water pollution. Some factors affecting the urban domestic and industrial water consumption were analyzed, such as the seasonal variation, living habits, city scale, trades, techniques of production, and level of water management, and a prediction was made for the trend of water consumption. Finally, some measures were put forward, i.e. to raise the water utilization rate by means of scientific progress and reasonable allocation of water resources, to implement water pollution remediation, to emphasize water saving and water resources protection, to consummate laws and regulations, to carry out planned management, to popularize water saving devices, to optimize industrial structure, to establish an investment mechanism, and to protect water sources, so as to develop a water-saving society and enable the domestic and industrial water consumption indexes of Jiangsu Province to reach the level of advanced countries at the end of the 1990s after a struggle of 5-10 years, and further to realize the strategic objective of sustainable economic development in Jiangsu Province.