离子液体及其在钻井液领域中的应用

离子液体作为一类全新的绿色介质和软功能材料，近年来在钻井液领域引起了广泛关注。概述了离子液体的基本概念、独特物性和多领域工业应用，详细综述了离子液体在上游石油工业，特别是钻井液领域的应用研究现状和进展。对离子液体作为钻井液用页岩抑制剂进行了可行性分析，并提出了其它潜在应用。离子液体可通过阳离子交换和静电吸附与黏土颗粒相互作用，呈现出良好抑制性能，同时离子液体也可改善高温环境下钻井液体系的流变携岩能力。 

Ionic Liquids and Their Application in Drilling Fluids

As a kind of completely new environmentally friendly media and soft functional materials, ionic liquids have captured wide attention in drilling fluid industry. This paper summarizes the basic concepts and unique physical properties of ionic fluids, and their many industrial applications, it also covers the status quo and progresses made of ionic liquids in the upstream of petroleum industry, especially in drilling fluid domain. The feasibility of ionic liquids as shale inhibitors in drilling fluids is analyzed, and other potential application of ionic liquids presented. Ionic liquids can interact with clay particles through cation exchange and electrostatic adsorption, showing themselves excellent inhibitive capacity; they also improve cuttings carrying capacity of drilling fluids at elevated temperatures.