Optimal integration of offshore wind power for a steadier,environmentally friendlier,supply of electricity in China |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, RM G2E, Pierce Hall, 29 Oxford Street, MA 02138, USA;2. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 100C Pierce Hall, 29 Oxford Street, MA 02138, USA;3. Harvard China Project and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, RM G2F, Pierce Hall, China Project, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;4. Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, RM 208, West Main Building, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;5. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Address: RM G2C, Pierce Hall, 29 Oxford Street, MA 02138, USA |
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| Abstract: | 
Demand for electricity in China is concentrated to a significant extent in its coastal provinces. Opportunities for production of electricity by on-shore wind facilities are greatest, however, in the north and west of the country. Using high resolution wind data derived from the GEOS-5 assimilation, this study shows that investments in off-shore wind facilities in these spatially separated regions (Bohai-Bay or BHB, Yangtze-River Delta or YRD, Pearl-River Delta or PRD) could make an important contribution to overall regional demand for electricity in coastal China. An optimization analysis indicates that hour-to-hour variability of outputs from a combined system can be minimized by investing 24% of the power capacity in BHB, 30% in YRD and 47% in PRD. The analysis suggests that about 28% of the overall off-shore wind potential could be deployed as base load power replacing coal-fired system with benefits not only in terms of reductions in CO2 emissions but also in terms of improvements in regional air quality. The interconnection of off-shore wind resources contemplated here could be facilitated by China's 12th-five-year plan to strengthen inter-connections between regional electric-power grids. |
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| Keywords: | Offshore wind power Hour-to-hour variability Firm capacity |
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