特级初榨橄榄油中酚类化合物不同提取方法对比研究

采用液液萃取法(LLE)、固相萃取法(SPE)和液液微萃取法(LLME)分别对特级初榨橄榄油中酚类成分进行提取,应用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱法(UPLC-HRMS)及Folin-Ciocalteus比色法分别进行酚类化合物组成研究和总酚含量测定,比较3种方法的提取效率。结果表明:特级初榨橄榄油中共检测到40种酚类化合物,其中液液萃取样品检出33种,固相萃取样品检出20种,液液微萃取样品检出15种,液液萃取法提取酚类化合物种类显著多于其他两种方法;液液萃取法提取的总酚含量分别为固相萃取法及液液微萃取法的2. 9倍和3. 7倍,液液萃取法对酚类化合物的提取效率明显优于其他两种方法;但从实验过程角度考量,液液微萃取法具有操作简单、省时省力、有机溶剂用量少、对实验人员伤害小、环境污染小等优点,具有进一步优化的潜力。

Comparison of different extraction methods of phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil

The phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME), respectively. The composition of phenolic compounds was investigated by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS),and the total content of phenols (TCP) was determined by Folin-Ciocalteus colorimetric method to compare the extraction officiency of the three methods. The results showed that a total of 40 phenolic compounds were detected from the extra virgin olive oil by the three methods, among which 33 phenolic compounds were extracted by LLE, 20 phenolic compounds were extracted by SPE, and 15 phenolic compounds were extracted by LLME. The type of phenolic compounds extracted by LLE was significantly higher than that by the other two methods. The TCP extracted by LLE was 2.9 and 3.7 times of that by SPE and LLME, respectively. The extraction efficiency of phenolic compounds by LLE was significantly superior to that by SPE and LLME. However, considering the experimental processes of the three methods, LLME had the advantages of simple operation, small workload, short analytic time, low amount of organic solvent, little environmental pollution and low cost, so LLME had potential for further optimization to extract the phenolic compound from extra virgin olive oil.