黄河口汛期泥沙分布特征及其对水流结构的影响

本文以黄河口汛期六船同步测验取得的水文泥沙资料为基础，得到含沙量与流速的垂向分布经验式，据此了解黄河口汛期的泥沙分布特征：泥沙异重流的含沙量垂向分布很不均匀，随水深的增加含沙星迅速增加；流速随水深分布均匀，无论是上层清水还是下层泥沙异重流流速都较大。并利用室内粒度分析资料研究泥沙对水流结构的影响。

Distribution of Sediment and Its Impacts on Flow Structure at Huanghe(Yellow River) Estuary in Flood Season

Based on the field observed hydrologic and sediment data at Huanghe River estuary in flood season in 1995, the conclusion was drawn that as long as total density of turbid water is greater than 1.020 kg/m 3, the density current can flow continuously beneath the clear water. Sediment concentration and velocity vertical distribution curve may be represented by regression functions based on regression analysis of materials about sediment concentration, velocity and depth at different hydrometric stations. While sediment density current exists, vertical distribution of sediment-concentration is in unbalanced way. The deeper the water is, the larger the increment of sediment concentration will be. The velocity distribution curve is different from that which have been measured in reservoir, lake or laboratory flumes in the past, the velocity model on sediment density current at Huanghe River estuary is an unique model: the velocity doesn't change when water depth changes.