考虑静强度要求的旋转直板叶片试验模型相似设计方法

针对旋转直板叶片动力学相似试验模型的设计问题,提出一种考虑满足静强度要求的相似模型设计方法。以叶盘和单个直板叶片固联组成的旋转结构为研究对象,应用板壳振动理论建立振动方程,并将旋转直板叶片所受惯性力和气动力等效为作用在旋转叶片上的静态外载荷。在对叶片进行应力分析得到强度设计准则的基础上,采用方程分析法建立动力学相似关系。理论证明了当模型和原型的材料不同时,须采用不完全几何相似的试验模型才能满足强度要求的结论。并通过设计实例,采用数值仿真的方法验证了所提出考虑满足静强度要求的动力学相似模型设计方法的有效性和正确性。该研究结果为旋转直板类构件动力学相似模型的设计进行理论补充。

Considering the Requirements of Static Strength for the Rotating Straight Blade Similar Experimental Model Design Method

In allusion to the design problems of the rotating straight blade similitude model, a design method of the dynamic similitude model, with the consideration of the requirement of static strength, is presented. The rotating structure composed by the blade disk and single straight blade is considered as the research object, where the vibration theory of plates and shells is applied to establish the governing equation; and the inertial force and aerodynamic force of the rotating straight blade are equivalent to the effect of static load on the blade. The strength design criteria are established based on the stress analysis of the blade, and the equation analysis method is adopted to establish the dynamic scaling laws. The conclusion, that when the material of the model and the prototype are different, the incomplete geometric similitude model should be employed to meet the strength requirement, is theoretically proved. The effectiveness of the similitude design approach is validated by using the numerical simulation method in a designed example. The results provide some theory supplements for the dynamic similitude model design of such rotating plate components.