混合动力汽车用开关磁通电动/发电机数值模拟及试验研究

分析开关磁阻电机(Switched reluctance machine,SRM)用做混合动力汽车电动/发电机的研究现状和不足,介绍新型开关磁通电动/发电机(Flux switching motor/generator,FSM/G)的结构和运行原理;通过电磁学基本公式的推导,提出一种FSM/G理论设计方法,并应用在功率为1.5 k W的12-10 FSM/G样机设计上;利用有限元法,在Ansoft Maxwell 2D平台上对FSM/G的电动/发电性能进行分析,仿真结果表明FSM/G倒拖时输出电压近似为正弦波形,电激励时输出转矩较宽范围内线性增加,这一结果表明FSM/G在混合动力汽车上拥有显著优势。搭建了12-10 FSM/G发电性能测试试验平台,对不同转速和负载下的输出电压进行测试,结果显示转速3 000 r/min时,同相线圈串联时输出电压约为30 V、并联时约为7 V;随着电负载的升高,FSM/G输出电压有所下降,但同相线圈并联时表现出了更好的电负载适应性,试验结果表明FSM/G是一种前景良好的机电一体化设备,研究结果对在混合动力汽车上应用FSM/G具有参考意义。

The Numerical Analysis and Experimental Study of Flux Switching Motor/Generator in HEV Applications

The research status and shortcomings of switching reluctance motor/generator (SRM/G) in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications are analyzed primitively. Then, a new type of motor called flux switching motor/generator (FSM/G) is proposed to improve the performance of this type of machine in HEV applications. Next, the design methodology of FSM/G is deduced. In order to verify the design methodology and investigate the performance of FSM/G, a 1.5 kW prototype for HEV applications is designed by the authors with the designed parameters. Using the finite element method (FEM), the performance of the FSM/G is simulated in motor and generator mode, and the simulation results are optimistic. The results show that the output voltage of FSM/G at generator mode is sinusoidal and output torque is linear in a wide electric excitation at motor mode. Finally, a FSM/G test board is set up in the laboratory and the results are presented and discussed. The test results show that the output voltage is 30 V in series and 7 V in parallel. The output voltage decreases as the increase of electric load but the coil in parallel shows a better adaptation for electric load. This work has a reference value for FSM/G in HEV applications and proves FSM/G is promising mechanical and electrical products for HEV.