含高比例风光接入的输电网氢-电混合储能系统配置方法

目前高比例风光接入的输电网存在弃风弃光率普遍较高的问题,配置储能设备作为一种具有潜在效用的手段在当前的研究中备受青睐。针对输电网储能配置问题,为达到综合成本减小和弃风弃光率降低的目的,提出了一种基于双层规划模型的输电网氢-电混合储能系统配置方法。首先,对氢-电混合储能系统的特性进行建模,在此基础上建立输电网氢-电混合储能系统功率与容量配置双层规划模型。上层模型以配置储能后年综合成本最小为目标;下层模型以弃风弃光率最小为目标。其后基于蓄电池和氢储能的不同特性,提出一种氢-电混合储能系统配合策略。最后,针对该模型非线性多目标的特点,采用双层迭代粒子群算法与潮流计算相结合进行模型求解。在算例仿真部分,以某含有高比例风光接入地区输电网为例,进行氢-电混合储能系统容量和选址的优化配置,验证了所建模型和所提求解算法的可行性和有效性。提高了风电光伏出力在时序上的转移能力,减少了高碳化石能源的消耗量,降低了弃风弃光率。

Configuration Method for Hydrogen-Electricity Hybrid Energy Storage System in Transmission Grid with High Proportion of PV and Wind Power Connection

At present, the transmission grid with a high proportion of photovoltaic and wind power has a generally high rate of curtailment of wind and solar power. As a potential utility, the configuration of energy storage equipment is favored in current research. Aiming at the problem of energy storage configuration in the transmission network, this paper proposes a configuration method based on a two-layer programming model for the hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage system in order to reduce the comprehensive cost and the curtailment rate of wind and solar energy. Firstly, the characteristics of the hydrogen-electricity hybrid energy storage system are modeled, and on this basis, a two-layer planning model for the power and capacity allocation of the hydrogen-electricity hybrid energy storage system in the transmission network is established. The upper-layer model aims to minimize the annual comprehensive cost after the energy storage is configured; the lower-layer model aims to minimize the curtailment rate of wind and solar energy. Then, according to the different characteristics of batteries and hydrogen energy storage, a hydrogen-electricity hybrid energy storage system coordination strategy is proposed. Finally, according to the nonlinear multi-objective characteristics of the model, the two-layer iterative particle swarm optimization algorithm is combined with power flow calculation to solve the model. In the simulation part, taking a transmission network with a high proportion of wind and solar power access as an example, the capacity and location of hydrogen-electricity hybrid energy storage system are optimized to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model and the proposed solution algorithm. Ultimately, the transfer ability of photovoltaic and wind power output in time series is improved, the consumption of high-carbon fossil energy is reduced, and the curtailment rate of wind and solar energy is reduced.