水淬铜渣的矿物学特征及其铁硅分离

采用XRD、SEM、化学分析等方法对水淬铜渣进行了矿物学研究，铜渣的主要物相为铁橄榄石，铜主要以冰铜形式存在；炉渣基本呈非晶态，结构致密，冰铜相结晶不充分，粒度基本在5 mm以下，铁和硅主要以铁橄榄石形式存在，采用选矿法不能有效分离，因此提出了固相快速还原-高温熔分工艺. 结果表明，在碱度大于0.5、终渣熔点1300℃以上、加入添加剂、熔分温度1350℃以上可获得较高的铁、铜回收率，铜和铁回收率可分别达93%和87%；炉渣中铁含量小于5%、铜含量小于0.10%，尾渣可作为生产建材的原料，该工艺能实现铜渣中铁硅分离和铜渣综合利用.

Characteristics of Water Quenched Copper-containing Slag and Separation of Iron and SiIicon from It

A mineralogical study of water quenched copper-containing slag was carried out with XRD,SEM,chemical analysis,etc.Fayalite is the major phase and copper exists in matte in the slag.The slag is amorphous,and its structure compact.The matte phase is not fully crystallized,its particle size is below 5 μm,iron and silicon exist mainly in fayalite,beneficiating method can not separate Fe and Si effectively.A new technology of rapid solid-phase reduction and high temperature smelting was proposed,and experiments were carried out.The experimental results show that the high copper and iron recovery rates can be achieved under the conditions of basity at 0.5,final smelting temperature of slag above 1300℃,smelting and separation temperature above 1350℃,and addition of additive,they are 93% and 87%,respectively.The iron and copper left in slag is less than 5% and 0.10% respectively.It means that the slag can be used as construction material,and the process can separate iron and copper,and the comprehensive utilization of copper slag can be achieved.