CaB6陶瓷研究的进展

综合介绍了CaB6陶瓷粉末、多晶体和单晶体的制备方法。评述了各种方法的基本原理和特点。合成CaB6粉末最常用的方法为碳化硼法，此方法能够以低成本制备较纯的CaB6粉末。但是得到的粉末具有硬团聚现象，使CaB6粉末的烧结有一定的难度。由于CaB6在高温下具有高的化学活性和低的塑性,CaB6多晶多采用热压烧结的方法在高温高压下制备。单晶的制备主要采用区熔法和熔剂法。区熔法适合于生产大尺寸的CaB6单晶，而铝熔剂法制备的CaB6单晶尺寸最大为5mm，对测定其某些物理性能有一定的局限。对CaB6陶瓷的应用及国内外研究现状作了简要的概括，并对其今后的发展趋势作了展望。

DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH OF CaB6 CERAMIC

The preparation technologies of CaB 6 power, polycrystalline and single crystal were reviewed , and the basic principles and characteristics of each method were remarked on. The most popular method for synthesizing CaB 6 powder is boron-carbide method, from which CaB 6 powder can be obtained at lower costs. But the prepared powder are to be hard agglomerates, which brings difficulties in the sintering process. Because of the high chemical activity and low plasticity of CaB 6 powder, CaB 6 polycrystals are usually prepared by the method of hot-press sintering under high pressure and high temperature. For fabrication of CaB 6single crystals the floating zone method and Al-flux method are mainly used. Floating zone method is suitable for the production of single crystal in larger size. The longest dimension of CaB 6 single crystal prepared by Al-flux method is 5 mm only, which limits the testing of some physical properties. At the same time the application and research development of CaB 6 are briefly summarized, and the tendency of future development of CaB 6is predicted.