金属有机骨架材料作为纳米酶在食品安全快速检测中的应用

天然酶因其催化效率高、与底物特异性强等优势在保障食品安全中起着不可替代的作用,但天然酶也面临着对环境敏感、提纯难度大、价格相对高昂等问题。基于此,模拟酶的研究应用而生。模拟酶在保持天然酶的生物活性的同时,又能克服其稳定性不高等不足。随着纳米技术和模拟酶的结合发展起来的纳米酶融合两者的优势,在食品安全快速检测中展现出潜在的巨大应用价值,在大规模样品筛查和半定量检测方面发挥着重要作用。金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)作为纳米酶常用材料之一,近年来逐渐成为研究热点,并在农兽药残留、重金属离子、食源性病原菌、真菌毒素等食品的快速检测方面得到应用。本文简要介绍纳米酶和金属有机骨架材料的组成并简要介绍其在快速检测中的原理,重点综述金属有机骨架材料作为纳米酶在食品安全检测中的应用并对其进行展望,以期对相关工作者提供一定的借鉴意义。

Review on the application of metal-organic framework materials as nano-enzymes for rapid food safety detection

Enzymes play an irreplaceable role in food safety due to their advantages of high catalytic efficiency and strong substrate specificity. However, enzymes are also faced with problems such as sensitivity to environment, difficulty in purification and relatively high price. Facing these problems, the artificial enzyme has been born. Artificial enzyme can keep the biological activity of natural enzyme, overcome the deficiency of stability. With the combination of nanotechnology and artificial enzyme, nanoenzyme show great potential application value and play an important role in large-scale sample screening and semi-quantitative detection. Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs), as one of the commonly used materials for nanoenzymes, have gradually become a hot research in recent years and have been applied in the rapid detection of drug residues, heavy metal ions, foodborne pathogen, mycotoxins and other. This paper briefly introduced nanoenzyme, MOFs, the principle and application in food safety detection, the application of MOFs as nanoenzyme in food safety detection was reviewed and prospected, so as to provide some references for relevant workers.