塔里木河流域中游绿洲地下水资源评价——以沙雅县为例

地下水资源是我国西部地区水资源的主要组成部分,对地下水资源全面科学的调查和评价,是解决水资源问题的基础性工作。本文尝试采用水均衡方法的同时进行数值模拟的方法对塔里木河流域中游绿洲沙雅县地下水水资源进行评价。结果表明:通过地下水资源均衡计算,绿洲地下水处于正均衡状态,通过数值模拟法计算,绿洲地下水处于负均衡状态。水均衡方法对较大区域地下水资源评价方便易行,但是局部地区精细化计算能力不足,由于多数补给项采用补给系数法计算,结果误差偏大;数值模拟方法对各种尺度研究区均可以进行模拟计算,但是对已有基础资料要求较高,模拟过程充分考虑实际水文地质条件及地下水位动态拟合精度,各源汇项计算精度优于水均衡评价方法结果。两种方法结合应用可更好地用于地下水资源评价。对沙雅县的地下水资源进行评价和分析,目的是科学合理开发利用地下水,保持水土平衡,促进沙雅县经济可持续发展。

Evaluation of groundwater resource at the oasis in middle reaches of Tarim River:Case study for Shaya County in Xinjiang

Groundwater resources is an important part of whole water resources in the west of China.Scientific investigation and evaluation for underground water is the basic work to resolve water resources problem.The water balance method is often used in groundwater resources evaluation.In this paper,the numerical simulation method was used to evaluate groundwater resources of Tarim Basin after the water balance method.Through the balance of groundwater resources method,groundwater was a positive equilibrium,and through the numerical simulation method,groundwater was a negative equilibrium.By comparing and analyzing,the water balance method can be evaluated facilities in large areas.But it can not be evaluated local area easily.Because there were many recharge items due from supply coefficient.The numerical simulation method can be evaluated all kinds of region,big or small.But,it needed more particular data.The numerical simulation process depended on exact hydrogeological conditions.The results were close to the realty than the water balance method.The two methods combined use for groundwater resources evaluation was better than one.It evaluated and analyzed the groundwater resource in Shaya County which purpose was scientific and reasonable exploitation and utilization of groundwater kept soil and water balance and promoted sustainable development of economy in Shaya County.