Effect of TiO2 nanoparticle loading on Poly(l-lactic acid) porous scaffolds fabricated by TIPS |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, RudjerBoskovic 16, 1000, Skopje, Macedonia;2. Department of Chemistry “G.Ciamician”University of Bologna, Via Selmi2, 40126, Bologna, Italy;3. Biocompatibility, Technological Innovations and Advanced Therapies Laboratory - BITTA, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy;1. University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” in Skopje, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Blvd. Rudjer Bo?kovi? 16, PO Box 393, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;2. University in Ni?, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Vi?egradska 33, 18000 Ni?, Serbia;1. Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy;2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy;1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia;2. CSIRO Earth Science & Resource Engineering, Clayton North, Victoria 3169, Australia;1. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Rt. 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA;2. Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;3. Interuniversity Institute of Marine Sciences, Eilat 88103, Israel;4. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, 61 Rt. 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA;5. ETH Zürich, Geologisches Institut, NO G 51.1, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland;6. Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel Street, Jerusalem 95501, Israel |
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| Abstract: | Porous nanocomposite scaffolds of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA), loaded with TiO2 nanoparticles, were prepared by thermally induced phase-separation (TIPS). The preparation procedure induced crystalline polymer structures (with degree of crystallinity up to 51%) with no evidence of residual solvent, as confirmed by thermal analysis. Scaffold porosity, distribution of the nanofiller and shape of the pores were investigated by X-ray micro computed tomography (μ-CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The produced scaffolds with porosity of 86 ± 2% have interconnected open tubular pores with diameter and length in the ranges 40–80 μm and 200–400 μm respectively. The inorganic TiO2 nano-additive is well dispersed in the scaffold walls, with only a small fraction of micrometric aggregates observable. All investigated polymer scaffolds display similar compressive moduli (between 2.1 and 2.8 MPa). Thermogravimetry (TGA), wide angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM analyses run on scaffolds subjected to in vitro mineralization tests showed that PLA scaffolds loaded with TiO2 develop an amount of hydroxyapatite four times higher than that of plain PLA, thus assessing that titania nanoparticles confer improved bioactivity to the scaffolds. |
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| Keywords: | A Nano-structures A Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) B Anisotropy D Electron microscopy |
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