Cryogenic through-thickness tensile characterization of plain woven glass/epoxy composite laminates using cross specimens: Experimental test and finite element analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 6-6-02, Sendai 980-8579, Japan;2. Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0398, Japan;1. International Manufacturing Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Sheffield, S1 3JD, United Kingdom;3. Queen''s Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Clifton BS8 1TR, United Kingdom;1. School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China;2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Hydrodynamics (HUST), Wuhan 430074, PR China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, PR China;4. Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China;1. Swinburne University of Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia;2. Department of Creative Product Design, College of Creative Design, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan;3. School of Mechanical, Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, China;1. Mechanical Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland;2. European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Noordwijk, The Netherlands;3. School of Engineering, University College Cork, Ireland;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China;2. School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, China;3. Centre for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China;4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Orleans, LA 70148, New Orleans, USA |
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| Abstract: | This paper investigates the through-thickness tensile behavior of woven glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminates at cryogenic temperatures. Tensile tests were carried out with cross specimens at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K), and the through-thickness elastic and strength properties of the woven GFRP laminates were evaluated. The failure characteristics of the woven GFRP laminates were also studied by optical and laser scanning microscopy observations. A three-dimensional finite element analysis was performed to calculate the stress distributions in the cross specimens, and the failure conditions of the specimens were examined. It is found that the cross specimen is suitable for the cryogenic through-thickness tensile characterization of laminated composite materials. In addition, the through-thickness Young's modulus of the woven GFRP composite laminates is dominated by the properties of the matrix polymer in the given temperature, while the tensile strength is characterized by both, the fiber to matrix interface energy and the cohesion energy of the matrix polymer. |
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| Keywords: | A Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) B Mechanical properties C Finite element analysis (FEA) D Mechanical testing Through thickness tension |
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