Cocaine acutely increases rat myometrial contractile activity by mechanisms other than potentiation of adrenergic pathways

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that cocaine acutely increases contractile activity in isolated rat myometrium and that this effect is solely caused by potentiation of adrenergic pathways. STUDY DESIGN: Isometric contractions were measured in myometrium isolated from virgin and day-18 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. Frequency, duration, amplitude, and integrated area were compared before and after the addition of cocaine (10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/L) by means of analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple-range test. The effects of alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonists (prazosin 10(-6) mol/L and yohimbine 10(-6) mol/L) and beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist (DL-propranolol 2 x 10(-6) mol/L) were assessed. RESULTS: Contraction duration, expressed relative to control, increased acutely after cocaine (10(-5) mol/L) administration in pregnant (1.70 +/- 0.20) and nonpregnant (1.36 +/- 0.24) myometrium (mean +/- SE, p < 0.05), as did integrated area (pregnant 3.47 +/- 0.97, nonpregnant 2.48 +/- 0.66) (mean +/- SE, p < 0.05). These effects were not completely inhibited by adrenergic blockade. CONCLUSION: Cocaine acutely increases the duration and integrated area of spontaneous contractions in isolated rat myometrium by mechanisms not completely explained by inhibition of catecholamine reuptake and potentiation of adrenergic pathways.