矿渣在尾砂胶结充填中的应用与研究进展

普通硅酸盐水泥在尾砂胶结充填中被广泛使用,但存在两个问题:水泥生产过程能耗高,需要大量不可再生资源、CO2排放量大;充填成本高,灰砂比可调范围窄,适应性差。为消除该影响,可采用工业副产品粒化高炉矿渣,辅以少量激发材料形成不同类型固化剂以取代水泥固化尾砂。该类固化剂水化所需碱度低,形成的水化硅酸钙在钙硅比上比普通硅酸盐水泥低,因而其强度和稳定性优异,同时可形成水滑石等产物填充结构孔隙;此外,还能因地制宜调整固化剂配方,固化剂性价比高,可在满足充填需求的同时提高对尾砂的适应性和固化效率。

Application and Research Progress of Slag in Cemented Filling of Tailings

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC)has been widely used for cemented filling of tailing,while there are two main problems:high energy and non-renewable resources consumption,and high CO2 emission during cement pro-duction;high filling cost,small tolerable range of binder/tailing ratio,and poor adaptability for tailings.In order to mitigate the effect,the industrial by product — ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS)can be used as the major component to form the different stabilizers with a few activators,which may provide a replacement for Portland ce-ment in the tailing cemented area.The stabilizer requires lower alkaline environment,and the calcium silicate hydrates evolved from the stabilizer have lower Ca/Si ratio than that of Portland cement,and consequent higher strength and durability.Meanwhile,the stabilizer may form hydrotalcite that could fill the voids of the stabilized structure,and the compositions of stabilizer could be adj usted according to local conditions.Therefore the stabilizer is more cost-effec-tive,more adaptable for the tailings,and more efficient for the stabilization of tailings,while the filling demand could still be met.