Tannin-based adhesive cross-linked by furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal and epoxy resins |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, PR China;2. ENSTIB-LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue Philippe Seguin, 88051 Epinal Cedex 9, France;1. Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia;2. Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia;3. Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Malaysia;1. Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg Werthmannstr., 679085 Freiburg i. Br, Germany;2. FMF – Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), and Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, D-79104 Freiburg i. Br, Germany;3. Laboratoire d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Matériau Bois (LERMAB), Université de Lorraine, 27 rue du Merle Blanc, F-88000 Epinal, France;4. Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;1. Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials, and Modelization, National school of AGRO-Industrial Sciences (ENSAI) Physics Application and Engineering, Ngaoundere University, BP 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon;2. LERMAB-ENSTIB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue du Merle Blanc, BP 1041, 88051 Epinal, France;3. Laboratory of Materials Mechanics, Structures and Integrated Manufacturing, National Advanced School of Engineering, Yaoundé 1 University, BP 8390, Yaoundé, Cameroon;4. Laboratory of Mechanic, Materials and Building, Sahel Institute of Maroua University, Cameroon;1. College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 63 Xiyuangong Road, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China;2. College of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Kunming, 650224, PR China;1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;3. Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA |
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| Abstract: | To prepare a natural tannin-based adhesive with good water resistance, an environment friendly furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal resin (FG) synthesized in the laboratory was developed as a cross-linker for tannin-based adhesives. 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy results indicated that furfuryl alcohol and glyoxal reacted under acidic conditions and that the -CH-(OH)- groups could be shown to be the ones involved in the cross-linking of the tannin-furfuryl-glyoxal adhesive (TFG). The results for the wet shear strength of TFG-bonded plywood showed that the cured TFG was improved and better than that bonded with a tannin-furfuryl alcohol (TF) adhesive. Moreover, the TFG adhesive cross-linked with 12% epoxy resin (EPR) presented a good water resistance. It had a modulus of elasticity (MOE) higher than that of tannin-furfuryl alcohol-formaldehyde (TFF), TF and phenol-formaldehyde (PF) adhesives. |
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| Keywords: | Furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal Tannin based adhesive Cross-linker Water resistance |
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