Rods glued in engineered hardwood products part I: Experimental results under quasi-static loading |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Fraunhofer-Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Angewandte Materialforschung IFAM, Wiener Straße 12, 28 359 Bremen, Germany;2. University of Applied Sciences Wiesbaden Rüsselsheim, Laboratory of Timber Engineering, Kurt-Schumacher-Ring 18, 65 197 Wiesbaden, Germany;3. TU Dortmund University, Department of Materials Test Engineering, Baroper Str. 303, 44 227 Dortmund, Germany;1. ESTIA, Technopôle Izarbel, 97 allée Théodore Monod, F-64210 Bidart, France;2. I2M, Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F-33400 Talence, France;3. LRMH, 29 rue de Paris, F-77420 Champs-sur-Marne, France;1. Department of Wood Engineering and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, UK;1. School of Woodworking Skills, Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur, India;2. Mechanical Engineering Department, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India;1. University of British Columbia, Departments of Wood Science and Civil Engineering, Vancouver, Canada;2. Fraunhofer-Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Angewandte Materialforschung IFAM, Adhesive Bonding Technology and Surfaces, Bremen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Glued-in Rods (GiR) represent an adhesively bonded structural connection widely used in timber engineering. Up to now, common practice largely focused on softwood. Most structural adhesives have been, accordingly, specifically formulated to perform on softwood, in particular spruce. The increased use of hardwood, and corresponding engineered wood products (EWP), calls for deeper insights regarding GiR for the connection thereof. This paper, the first of a two part series, presents an overview over extensive research carried with 9 adhesives, 3 EWP, and 4 types of rods. Investigations started at component level, by fully characterising all adhesives, EWP, and rods. They were then extended to characterise the behaviour of interfaces, providing by this a methodology for selecting adhesives. Investigations at full scale followed, involving 5 different adhesives, 3 EWP, and 4 rod types. A total of 180 individual samples were tested. The results allowed to draw conclusions about the relationship between performance of GiR connections, and mechanical properties of their components. This relationship, however, has been found to be relatively weak. The companion paper will present a design methodology based on the material properties determined herein, and explain the ambiguous relationship between performance of the GiR and the mechanical properties of the adhesive, wood, and rods |
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| Keywords: | A Adhesives for wood B Steels wood and wood composites C Destructive testing fracture lap-shear D Adhesion cohesion fracture mechanical properties of adhesives |
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