丰满重建工程过鱼设施方案设计优化

丰满重建工程过鱼道原设计存在以下问题:(1)集鱼口少、集鱼范围窄、效率低、机组运行不灵活等;(2)鱼过坝过程周转环节较多,组成复杂;(3)出口区域缺乏鱼类上溯的水动力学条件以及旅游码头对过鱼存在干扰等。为此,通过鱼道、进出口流场数值模拟计算及物理模型试验研究,同时借鉴近期国内工程过鱼设施成功运行经验,将永庆右岸竖缝鱼道方案优化为"左岸生态泄流闸+左岸岸边仿生态鱼道"方案;将丰满大坝过鱼设施优化为"集鱼系统+升鱼机+放流系统"方案。此优化方案更符合工程实际和特点,有利于诱鱼、过鱼、放流,满足环境要求,为梯级水库高坝过鱼提供一个切实可行的解决方案。

Design optimization of fish passing facility scheme for reconstruction project of Fengman Hydropower Station

In the reconstruction project of Fengman Hydropower Station，the problems mentioned below are there in the original design of the fishway: ( 1) less fish aggregating inlets，narrow fish aggregating range，low efficiency，unflexible operation of unit，etc. ; ( 2) more turnover links and complicated composition; ( 3) lack of the hydrodynamic condition for fish migrationin outlet area and interference from tourist wharf. Therefore，through the numerical simulation calculation and the physical model experimental study made on the flow fields at fish passage，inlet and outlet along with the reference of the successful operation experiences of the fish passing facilities for the relevant projects at home and abroad at the same time，the scheme of the vertical slot fishway on the right bank of Yongqing Ｒe-Ｒegulation Ｒeservoiris optimized into a scheme of“right bank eco-discharge gate + left bank side nature-imitated fishway”，while the fish passage facility for Fengman Dam is optimized into a scheme of“fish aggregating system + fish lift + fish releasing system”. This optimized scheme is more consistent with the actuality and characteristics of the project and favorable for fish attraction，fish passing and fish release to meet the environmental requirements concerned， thus provides a feasible solution for high dam fish passing of cascade reservoirs.