天发舰收高频雷达一阶海杂波电磁散射特性分析

天发舰收高频雷达是对传统固定平台条件下天地波雷达系统的延伸，由于舰载平台运动和传播信道中电离层的影响，使得一阶海杂波谱呈现出更多特点.本文根据Walsh模型中一阶电场方程，推导得到了天发舰收传播模式下一阶海面散射截面积的解析表达式.然后，根据表达式对不同因素对一阶谱的影响进行仿真分析.仿真结果表明雷达工作频率、舰载平台运动和电离层水平漂移运动是引起一阶海杂波谱多普勒展宽的主要原因，风向主要影响一阶海杂波谱的形态变化，而这一特点为根据一阶海杂波谱进行海洋遥感提供了可能.

Characteristic Analysis on the Electromagnetic Scattering of First-Order Sea Clutter for Shipborne High Frequency Sky-Surface Wave Radar

The shipborne high frequency sky-surface wave radar is a further extension of the sky-surface wave radar system under the traditional fixed platform.However,due to the influence of the shipborne platform motion and the ionosphere in the propagation channel,the first-order sea clutter spectrum exhibits more features.Based on the first-order electric field equation in the Walsh model,the analytic expression of the first-order ocean surface cross-section for the sky-ship propagation mode is derived.Then,according to the expression,the effects of different factors on the first-order spectrum are simulated and analyzed.Simulation results demonstrate that the radar operating frequency,the motion of the platform and the horizontal motion of the ionosphere are the main reasons of the first-order sea clutter Doppler spectrum broadening.The wind direction mainly affects the morphological changes of the first-order sea clutter spectrum,and this feature provides the possibility of ocean remote sensing according to the first-order sea clutter spectrum.