黄河水沙浅析及宁蒙河段冲淤与水沙关系初步研究

通过对黄河水沙资料分段统计分析，认为兰州至石嘴山河段基本冲淤平衡，宁蒙段冲淤交替，表现为淤积，黄河下游为明显的淤积，淤积的主要原因是水量的减少。宁蒙段石嘴山～河口镇河段的淤积物组成80％以上为粒径大于0．1mm的粗沙，而该部分泥沙主要来源于库布齐沙漠的入黄风沙。典型年及长时段水沙过程分析显示，该段粒径大于0．1mm泥沙的淤积与流量的大小关系并不密切，减少该段淤积的主要途径在治理沙漠及减少十大孔兑入黄沙量。

Preliminary Study on Scour-silting and Water-sand Relationship With Ningxia-Inner Mongolia Reach of Yellow River

On the basis of statistical analysis of water-sand data of Yellow River in sections, it is believed that the scour-silting is basically balanced within the Lanzhou-Shizuishan reach, and the scour-silting is alternate within Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reach which is shown as sediment deposition. The sediment deposition is obvious downstream Yellow River, of which the reduction of flowing water is the main reason. The above 80% coarse sand larger than 0.1mm is deposited on the Shizuishan-Hekou course from Ningxia to Inner Mongolia reach. This part of sand originates mainly from wind-blown sand of Kubuqi desert. The analysis of typical years and long duration of water-sand flowing process indicates that the deposition of sand larger than 0.1mm in this reach is not so close with the amount of flowing sand. The main path to decrease silting is the harness of the desert and the reduction of wind-blown sand from ten tributaries into Yellow River.