基于时频挤压和阶比分析的变转速轴承故障检测方法

阶比分析是实现变转速工况下旋转机械设备故障特征提取的主要方法之一,其核心在于转速信息的准确获取,传统阶比分析方法主要通过转速计等设备测得转速,成本高且抗噪性差,而基于时频分析的转速估计方法操作简单,鲁棒性和准确性也较好。提出了一种基于时频挤压的转频估计方法,该方法不依赖多余设备,通过时频挤压和重采样阶比分析,实现转频估计和特征提取,从而诊断轴承故障。将基于传统时频方法与所提方法得到的分析结果以及计算阶比分析结果三者进行比较,以验证所提方法的可行性与有效性,仿真和实验信号分析结果均表明,所提方法的时频聚集性和鲁棒性较传统方法更好,且在无转速计的情况下,分析结果精度也更高。

Fault detection method for varying rotating speed bearings based on time-frequency squeeze and order analysis

Order analysis is one of the main methods to realize fault feature extraction of rotating machinery equipment under condition of varying rotating speed, and its key is correct acquisition of rotating speed information.The traditional order analysis method is using a tachometer or other equipment to measure rotating speed with high cost and bad noise resistance, while the rotating speed estimation method based on time-frequency analysis is simple to operate with better robustness and correctness.Here, a rotating speed estimation method was proposed based on time-frequency squeeze, and this method didn’t depend upon redundant equipment, it realized rotating speed estimation and feature extraction through time-frequency squeeze and resampling order analysis to diagnose bearing’s faults.The analysis results using the proposed method were compared with those using the traditional time-frequency method and those using the calculation order analysis to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.Both simulated and test signals’ analysis results showed that the proposed method has better time-frequency aggregation property and robustness than the traditional method does, and its analysis results’ accuracy is higher.