静水中单气泡运动特性实验研究

气泡运动特性是两相流研究的重要领域之一。本文基于图像识别技术对静水中单气泡的上升过程及其动力学特性进行研究，分析了不同等效体积直径下气泡上升过程中轨迹、变形程度、瞬时速度等参数。研究结果表明：椭球型单气泡上升过程中横向振荡幅度峰值与横向速度峰值呈正比，瞬时纵横比与瞬时纵向速度呈反比；单气泡横向运动位置、纵横比、上升速度具有周期性变化的现象。通过定量分析气泡末速度与等效体积直径的关系，对已有预测关系式进行了比较和评价，并基于实验数据拟合得到了一个更为精确的显式末速度关系式。

Experimental Investigation on Characteristic of Single Bubble Motion in Stagnant Water

The bubble motion characteristic is one of the most important fields in two-phase flow research. Based on the image recognition method, the characteristic and dynamics of single bubble rising process in stagnant water were analyzed. The trajectory, deformation extent and instantaneous terminal velocity of single bubble rising process with different equivalent volume diameters were analyzed. The research results show that the peak value of lateral oscillation amplitude is proportional to the peak value of lateral velocity. The instantaneous aspect ratio is inversely proportional to instantaneous axial velocity. The phenomenon that the lateral motion position, aspect ratio and rising speed of a single bubble has periodical change. Based on the quantitative analysis of the relationship between bubble terminal velocity and bubble equivalent volume diameter, the existing prediction formulas were compared and evaluated. A more accurate explicit terminal velocity correlation based on experimental data was obtained.