五味子种子油脂和挥发油的成分分析

以五味子种子为研究对象,研究其油脂和挥发油成分组成,确定主要成分。采用压榨法制备五味子油,应用GC/MS联用法和HPLC法测定油脂中脂肪酸和木脂素成分;采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,采用GC/MS联用法测定成分组成。结果表明五味子油得率为24.03%,含有10种脂肪酸,其中含量高的是亚油酸和油酸,不饱和脂肪酸含量为92.86%,五味子醇甲、五味子甲素和五味子乙素的含量分别为0.755%、0.125%和0.952%。五味子种子挥发油得率为2.34%,鉴定了52种化合物,主要成分属于倍半萜类和单萜类化合物,含量最高的化合物为衣兰烯、β-雪松烯和双-表-α-雪松烯。 

Analysis of components in oil and volatile oil from seeds of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Bail

The seeds of S. chinensis were chosen as material. The composition of oil and volatile oil in seeds and the main ingredients were identified. Expression was used to extract oil from the seeds. GC/MS and HPLC Chromatography were employed to detect fatty acids and lignans in oil. Steam distillation was used to extract volatile oil and GC/MS Chromatography was used to detect the components. The results showed that the yield of S. chinensis oil was 24.03%. Ten kinds of fatty acids were identified. The major fatty acids were linoleic acid and oleic acid. The content of unsaturated fatty acids in S. chinensis oil was up to 92.86%. The contents of schizandrin, deoxyschisandrin and γ-schisandrin in S. chinensis oil were 0.755%, 0.125% and 0.952%. The yield of volatile oil was 2.34%. Fifty-two compounds were identified. The main constituents in volatile oil belong to sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. Ylangene, β-cedrene and double- table-α-cedrene were the main constituents in the volatile oil.