利用小尺度阵的波达方向估计

提出了一种利用三无线列阵的信号相位匹配原理的波达方向估计方法。给出了阵对准信号方向时的估计信号的表达式；用数值计算方法给出了三元阵的相位匹配原理的指向性特性曲线和波达方向估计的搜索算法；最后给出了仿真计算结果和不同信噪比时的．Monte-Carlo实验结果。仿真结果表明，利用本文提出的波达方向估计精度优于常规波束形成法，与MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classification)方法的估计精度相近，还可同时给出期望信号的波形估计，而反阵结构简单。

DOA and Waveform Estimation by Using Small-Dimension Array

Certain practical applications do not permit the use of large dimension array but still require the capability of estimating both DOA (direction of arrival) and waveform. MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) method can estimate DOA with small dimension array but fails in estimating waveform. We propose now a new signal phase matching method that can both estimate DOA and waveform. In this paper we take a three sensor line array, which is a very small dimension array, and derive the formulas for estimating both DOA and waveform when the vertical line of the array and the DOA wave are identical. We derive eqs.(1) through (8) needed by our new signal phase matching method and in subsection 2.2 we give its searching algorithm in detail. Table 1 gives simulation results for our new signal phase matching method and Tables 2 and 3 give simulation results for MUSIC method. Tables 1, 2 and 3 show that the accuracy of our new method in estimating DOA is close to that of MUSIC method. We repeat that MUSIC method can not estimate waveform while our new method can.