纳米镍粉对Al-CMDB和CL-20-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响

为了研究粒径为50nm的纳米镍粉(nano-Ni)对含Al改性双基(Al-CMDB)推进剂、含六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)改性双基(CL-20-CMDB)推进剂燃烧性能的影响,通过吸收-压延的方法制备了推进剂样品,用靶线法测试了推进剂的燃速,并计算了压强指数。通过电镜扫描、火焰照片、燃烧波、熄火表面形貌及元素分析和DSC分析了纳米镍粉对Al-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能影响的原因。结果表明,在Al-CMDB推进剂中加入nano-Ni可大幅度提高推进剂燃速,降低推进剂的压强指数;当加入质量分数0.7%的nano-Ni时推进剂10MPa的燃速达到35.59mm/s,8~20MPa压强指数从0.43降低至0.17,15~20MPa出现麦撒效应。在CL-20-CMDB推进剂中加入质量分数0.5%的nano-Ni能明显提高推进剂的中低压(4~10MPa)燃速,8~20MPa压强指数约为0.01,15~20MPa出现麦撒效应。

Effect of Nano-Nickel Powder on Combustion Properties of Al-CMDB and CL-20-CMDB Propellants

To investigate the effect of nano-nickel powder with particle size of 50nm on the combustion properties of Al-CMDB and CL-20-CMDB propellants, the propellant samples were prepared through the rolling-absorption method. The burning rates of the propellants were measured by the target line method and the pressure exponents were calculated. The reason of how nano-nickel powder affect the combustion properties of Al-CMDB propellant was studied by flame photo, burning wave, DSC, morphology and elemental analysis of flameout surface. The results show that in Al-CMDB propellant, adding nano-nickel powder can greatly improve the burning rate and reduce the pressure exponent of the propellant. The burning rate of the propellant at 10MPa reaches 35.59mm/s, the pressure exponent between 8-20MPa reduces from 0.43 to 0.17, and the propellant appears mesa effect between 15-20MPa when adding 0.7% (mass fraction)nano-nickel powder into the Al-CMDB propellant. In CL-20-CMDB, adding 0.5%(mass fraction)nano-nickel powder to CL-20-CMDB propellant can increase the burning rate of the propellant greatly at 4-10MPa,the pressure exponent between 8-20MPa is about 0.01 and the propellant appears mesa effect between 15-20MPa.