含磷阻燃改性水性聚氨酯的合成及性能研究

采用2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚丙二醇、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸和10-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-10-氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(ODOPB)制备了阻燃型水性聚氨酯(FR-WPU),讨论了ODOPB用量对FR-WPU及其胶膜性能的影响。结果表明,随着ODOPB用量增加,FR-WPU胶膜的极限氧指数先升后降,燃烧时的热释放率和总热释放率明显下降,拉伸强度增加而断裂伸长率下降。ODOPB质量分数为6%时,其胶膜防火等级可达V-0级;FR-WPU软硬链段分解温度分别较未改性WPU增加42℃和20℃。当ODOPB质量分数为10%时,胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为5.05 MPa和504%左右。

Study on Synthesis and Properties of Phosphorus Flame Retardant Modified Waterborne Polyurethane

The flame retardant waterborne polyurethane(FR-WPU)was prepared by 2,4-toluene diisocyanate,polypropylene glycol,2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid and 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10-hydro-9-oxa-10-phosphozephene-10-oxide(ODOPB).The effects of ODOPB addition on FR-WPU and its film properties were discussed.The results showed that,with the increase of ODOPB,the limit oxygen index(LOI)of FR-WPU film increased first and then decreased,the heat release rate and total heat release rate decreased obviously,the elongation at break decreased and the tensile strength increased.When the ODOPB mass fraction was 6%,the fire rating of film reached V-0.The decomposition temperatures of FR-WPU soft and hard chains were 42℃and 20℃higher than those of unmodified WPU,respectively.When the ODOPB mass fraction was 10%,the tensile strength and elongation at break were 5.05 MPa and 504%,respectively.