煤矸石改性聚丙烯性能研究

采用熔融共混制备了不同配比的聚丙烯（PP）／煤矸石（coal gangue）复合材料，与纯PP材料相对照，分别研究了复合材料的表面电阻率、体积电阻率，热变形温度以及拉伸强度，弹性模量、硬度等力学性能。结果表明：加入煤矸石能明显降低PP的表面电阻率和体积电阻率，起到较好的抗静电效果。当煤矸石含量约为20％时．复合材料的表面电阻率和体积电阻率均达到最小，分别为2．4×10^8Ω·cm和3．8×10^8Ω·cm，抗静电效果最佳；随着煤矸石填充量的增加，复合材料的力学性能呈现先下降后上升的趋势。材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均在10％时下降至最小，而复合材料的硬度则随煤矸石用量的增加逐渐增强，其综合力学性能约在煤矸石含量为15％时达到最佳值；热变形温度随煤矸石用量的增加没有明显的下降。因此煤矸石含量约为15％的PP改性复合材料可用于生产静电逸散材料。

Properties of Coal Gangue Modified Polypropylene

The different proportions of polypropylene （PP）/coal gangue composite materials are prepared by melt blending. The composites surface resistivity, volume resistivity, heat distortion temperature and tensile strength, elastic modulus shore hardness and other mechanical properties is studied in contrast with the pure PP. The results showed that： The addition of coal gangue can obviously reduce the surface resistivity and volume resistivity of PP and played a good Anti-electrostatic effect, when the content of coal gangue is 20%, the surface resistivity and volume resistivity of composite arrive its minimum value 2.4×10^8Ω·cm and 3.8×10^8Ω·cm, the anti-electrostatic properties shows the best. With the increase in the amount of filled coal gangue, the mechanical properties of the composites first decreased and then go upward. Tensile strength and elongation at break arrive to the maximum at 10%, the hardness of the composites gradually increased overall; the comprehensive mechanical properties achieve the best at the content of 15%; The heat distortion temperature does not decline apparently with the increase of coal gangue. The coal gangue content of about 15% of PP modified composites can be used in the production of electrostatic dissipation materials.