煤基甲醇和柴油生命周期温室气体排放评价

利用生命周期评价理论,建立煤基甲醇(coal-based methanol,CBM)和煤基柴油(coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel,CBFTD)生命周期评价模型.以全球变暖潜力为评价指标,系统比较以煤为原料生产车用替代燃料FTD和M100两条路线生命周期温室气体排放并重点分析生产阶段温室气体的来源.结果表明:燃料生产阶段为温室气体排放的主要阶段,比例超过60%.在生命周期的上游阶段煤制甲醇路线的温室气体排放比煤制柴油路线少27%,主要原因是能源效率的差别.而从全生命周期来看,由于发动机效率的影响,两条路线的温室气体排放又相差不大.通过对生产阶段碳平衡的计算,揭示了CO2产生的根源,并指出在净化车间增加CO2捕集和储存设备将对整个生命周期温室气体减排起到显著效果.

ANALYSIS OF LIFE CYCLE GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSION OF COAL-BASED METHANOL AND COAL-BASED FT DIESEL

With life cycle assessment method,a life cycle model of coal-based methanol and coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel is established.Greenhouse gases(GHGs)emission between FTD and M100 pathways are compared systematically using global warming potential(GWP)index.The GHGs emission is mainly concentrated on the fuel production stage,and the percentage of both routes is more than 60%.Compared with M100 pathway,the GWP of FTD pathway is higher about 27% during the upstream.However,the GWP of the two pathways in the total life cycle is almost equivalent because of higher efficiency of diesel engine.Besides,due to carbon balance calculation of the fuel production,it is found that the synthesis gas treatment cell is the key point to control the CO2emission.So the application of carbon captured and storage equipments is strongly suggested in this operation cell and it can be really beneficial to improve their total life cycle global warming effect apparently.