不同处置方式对石油污染土壤理化性质和生物学特性的影响

 测定了长期被石油重度污染土壤、新被石油污染土壤和经1年堆肥处理土壤的理化性质、酶活性和微生物种群数量，并进行了比较。结果表明，不同处置方式导致了石油污染土壤生物学特性的明显差异；石油烃的降解主要通过微生物进行，其中饱和分和芳香分易于降解，胶质和沥青质难于生物降解；经人工处理的污染土壤中脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性均升高，而多酚氧化酶活性降低，微生物数量也有明显的增加。生物处理法是目前处理石油污染土壤的最好方法。

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT METHODS ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF AN OIL POLLUTED SOIL

The effect of different treatment methods (oil polluted heavily for a long time, oil polluted for a short time and manual compost) on the physicochemical quality, soil fertilize quality, enzyme activities and microbial biomass of the oil polluted soil was studied. The results showed that different kinds of treatment methods led to significant differences in the microbial properties of oil polluted soil. The petroleum hydrocarbon was mainly degraded by microorganism. The saturates and aromatics were easy to be degraded and the resin and asphaltene were hard to be degraded. The urease, catalase and dehydrogenase activities in oil polluted soil were all increased, while the polyphenol oxidase activity was reduced, and the microorganisms quantity was increased significantly with manual composting. The biological treatment was currently the best method for oil polluted soil treatment.