微波加热用透波材料的研究进展

微波加热技术因其绿色环保、体积加热、选择性加热等优势，已被广泛应用于化工强化、金属冶炼、陶瓷烧结、食品加工等众多领域，但微波在反应器内普遍存在透波效果差、微波利用率低等问题。随着微波加热技术的不断发展，微波加热设备中透波材料的选用越来越受到大家的关注。本文主要针对透波材料在微波加热领域中的应用现状进行综述，对透波材料的种类进行简要介绍，分别从微波加热用容器和保温材料两方面进行论述。详细介绍了氧化物、氮化物、硅酸盐、磷酸盐等高温透波材料及聚四氟乙烯、玻纤增强树脂基、环氧树脂等中、低温透波材料的研究进展，并具体论述了目前微波加热常用纤维棉、纤维毯和纤维板等各种陶瓷纤维制品的介电特性和透波性能，最后指出了目前微波加热用透波材料普遍存在的问题，并对透波材料的应用和发展作出了展望。

Research progress of wave-transmitting materials for microwave heating

Microwave heating technology has been widely used in many fields, such as chemical strengthening, metal smelting, ceramic sintering, food processing and so on, because of its advantages of green environmental protection, volume heating and selective heating. However, there are many problems in microwave reactor, such as poor transmission effect and low utilization rate of microwave. With the continuous development of microwave heating technology, more and more attention has been paid to the selection of wave-transmitting materials in microwave heating equipment. This research mainly reviewes the application status of wave-transmitting materials in the field of microwave heating. The types of wave-transmitting materials are briefly introduced, and the microwave heating containers and thermal insulation materials are discussed. The research progress of high-temperature wave-transmitting materials such as oxides, nitrides, silicates and phosphates, and medium and low-temperature wave-transmitting materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber reinforced resin base and epoxy resin are introduced in detail. It also specifically discusses the dielectric properties and wave-transmitting properties of various ceramic fiber products such as fiber cotton, fiber blankets and fiberboards commonly used in microwave heating. Finally, this article points out the current common problems of wave-transmitting materials for microwave heating, and prospected the application and development of wave-transmitting materials.