景泰川灌区水循环要素变化特征研究

为了深入研究景泰川灌区变化环境下水资源形成及水循环演化规律,实现高扬程引黄灌区水资源高效合理利用与生态环境保护,研究选用Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和非参数Mann-Kendall突变检测法对景泰川灌区1960-2008年的降水量、蒸发量等水循环要素进行时间变化特征分析。结果表明:灌区多年平均降水量为185. 49mm,49 a中,多年降水量的正负距平幅度大致相同,降水偏多与偏少期呈周期性交替出现;蒸发量多年平均值为2 554. 25 mm,其中有31a蒸发量低于此值;灌区夏季降水量占全年降水量的57. 4%,为四季最大,其次是秋季、春季,冬季的降水量为最小;夏春两季蒸发量分别占全年蒸发量的40%和33%,为主要蒸发集中时间,秋季的蒸发量次之,冬季蒸发量仅占全年的8%,为全年最少;在研究时段内,灌区年降水量没有发生突变现象;年蒸发量1972年出现降低的突变,1974年开始剧降,下降幅度大约为481. 4 mm。

Research on change characteristics of water circulation factors in Jingtaichuan Irrigation Area

n order to study the formation and evolution of water resources in Jingtaichuan Irrigated Area, achieve an efficient and rational utilization of water resources and ecological environment protection in high lift irrigation area, the Mann-Kendall trend test and non-parametric Mann-Kendall catastrophe test were used to analyze the time-varying characteristics of precipitation and evaporation in Jingtaichuan Irrigation Area from 1960 to 2008. The results showed that:the annual average precipitation in the irrigation area was 185.49 mm, the positive and negative anomaly ranges of multi-year precipitation were roughly the same during the 49 years, and the periods of large and small precipitation presented periodically and alternatively. The annual average evaporation was 2554.25 mm, of which 31 years evaporation is lower than this value. The precipitation in summer was the largest, accounting for 57.4% of the annual precipitation, followed by autumn and spring, and winter precipitation is the smallest. Evaporation is mainly concentrated in summer and spring, accounting for 40% and 33% of the annual evaporation, respectively, and followed by autumn and winter evaporation is the smallest. There was no abrupt change in the annual precipitation in the irrigation area, and the annual evaporation decreased abruptly in 1972 and began to decrease sharply in 1974, with a decrease of about 481.4 mm.