单向应力作用下地下采空区顶板破坏规律特征

针对单向应力作用于地下采空区顶板的破坏规律特性问题，基于弹性薄板理论和压力拱理论，利用单轴压力试验机方法对顶板模型进行了试验，并探究了不同荷载条件下顶板模型的受压过程和变形特性。主要结论如下：顶板的破坏过程与峰值应力是否超过疲劳强度密切相关，超过疲劳强度时会出现加速破坏阶段；顶板的变形过程可以分为三个阶段，分别对应于不同的应力和应变变化规律；顶板的失稳破坏位置与荷载条件有关，周期荷载条件下更容易导致整体垮落塌陷；侧帮支撑作用对顶板的承载能力和稳定性有正面影响，但也会增加应力集中和变形。研究结果对于理解顶板在不同荷载条件下的力学行为和提高顶板的安全性具有重要意义。

Characteristics of Roof Failure Law of Underground GoafUnder Unidirectional Stress

Aiming at the problem of the failure law of the roof of underground goaf affected by unidirectional stress, based on the elastic thin plate theory and the pressure arch theory, the roof model is tested by the method of uniaxial pressure testing machine. the compression process and deformation characteristics of the roof model under different load conditions are explored. The main conclusions are as follows: The failure process of the roof is closely related to whether the peak stress exceeds the fatigue strength, and the accelerated failure stage occurs when the peak stress exceeds the fatigue strength; The roof deformation process can be divided into three stages, corresponding to different stress and strain changes, respectively; the instability and failure position of the roof is related to the load conditions, which is more likely to lead to overall collapse and collapse under periodic loads. Side bracing has a positive impact on the bearing capacity and stability of the roof, but it will also increase stress concentration and deformation. The research results are of great significance for understanding the mechanical behavior of the roof under different load conditions and improving the safety of the roof.