麻叶千里光中生物碱的提取及测定分析

目的：以麻叶千里光为原料，采用索氏提取法、微波- 超声波协同提取法提取生物碱并测定其含量。方法：通过对索氏提取时间、提取温度、料液比；微波- 超声波协同提取时间、提取功率、料液比等单因素试验确定最佳单因素水平并做正交试验，确定以甲醇为提取剂提取麻叶千里光中生物碱类化合物的最佳工艺条件。然后采用紫外分光光度法和高效液相色谱法测定生物碱含量。结果：最佳提取工艺为：索氏提取时间5h，提取温度100℃，料液比1:30；微波提取时间180s，功率120W，料液比1:30。紫外分光光度法测定麻叶千里光中生物碱回收率为92.49%，精密度为3.15%；生物碱提取率索氏提取为0.05212%，微波- 超声波协同提取为0.03573%；高效液相色谱法测定麻叶千里光中生物碱回收率为89.60%，精密度3.75%；生物碱提取率索氏提取为0.04234%，微波超声波协同提取为0.02750%。结论：采用紫外分光光度法和高效液相色谱法测定麻叶千里光中生物碱含量，方法均较准确、可行。

Extraction and Determination of Allkaloid from Senecio cannabifolius Less

Objective: To optimize Soxhlet and combined microwave and ultrasonic extraction procedures of alkaloid from Senecio cannabifolius Less using methanol as an extraction solvent and to develop two methods using UV spectrophotometry and HPLC for the determination of alkaloid in Senecio cannabifolius Less. Methods: Orthogonal array design was employed to maximize yields of alkaloid by the two extraction methods and the optimized extraction procedures were applied to determine alkaloid content in Senecio cannabifolius Less by the two analytical methods. Results: A maximum yield of alkaloid was obtained by the 5 h Soxhlet extraction at 100 ℃ with a ratio of material to liquid of 1:30, and the optimal conditions for the improved combined microwave and ultrasonic extraction using a CW-2000A ultrasonic-microwave cooperative extractor were: power 120 W, extraction time 180 s, and material/liquid ratio 1:30. For the determination by UV spectrophotometry, the average recovery of alkaloid at three spiked levels was 92.49% (n = 3) and the precision RSD was 3.15% (n = 6), and the contents of alkaloid in Senecio cannabifolius Less extracted by Soxhlet and combined microwave and ultrasonic methods were 0.05212% and 0.03573%, respectively; for the determination by HPLC, the average recovery of alkaloid at three spiked levels was 89.60% (n = 3) and the precision RSD was 3.75%, and the contents of alkaloid extracted by the two methods were 0.04234% and 0.02750%, respectively. Conclusion: UV spectrophotometry and HPLC methods both are accurate and feasible for the determination of alkaloid content in Senecio cannabifolius Less.