微波辅助盐酸浸出废弃荧光粉中的稀土元素钇和铕

某废弃荧光粉中含有49.63%的稀土氧化物，具有极大的回收利用价值。为实现该废弃荧光粉中稀土元素的快速高效浸出，对该废弃荧光粉进行了微波辅助盐酸浸出稀土元素Y和Eu的研究。浸出热力学计算结果表明，在273~373 K温度范围内红粉易于与酸反应，而绿粉、蓝粉不与酸进行反应，可通过酸浸法优先浸出红粉中的稀土元素Y和Eu。浸出试验结果表明；在微波功率为600 W，微波辐射时间为60 min，反应温度为60 ℃、盐酸浓度为4 mol/L、过氧化氢添加量为0.2 mL/g、液固比为7.5 mL/g的条件下，该废弃荧光粉中稀土元素Y和Eu的浸出率可达98.84%和88.72%，几乎实现了红粉中稀土元素的完全浸出，且与常规加热方式相比，微波辅助浸出在不降低浸出率的条件下可明显缩短反应时间，为废弃荧光粉中稀土元素的快速高效浸出提供了技术依据。

Leaching Y and Eu From Waste Phosphors Using Hydrochloric Acid with Microwave Radiation

A waste phosphors contains 49.63% rare earth oxide,which has high value for recovery and utilization.In order to achieve the rapid and efficient leaching of rare earth elements in this waste phosphors,microwave assisted leaching of rare earth elements Y and Eu from the waste phosphor with hydrochloric acid was studied.The calculation of leaching thermodynamics shows that the red phosphors can react with acid in the temperature range of 273~373 K,while the green and blue phosphors do not react with acid,and the rare earth elements Y and Eu in the red powder can be preferentially leached by acid leaching method.The leaching experimental results show that under the conditions of microwave power of 600 W,microwave radiation time of 60 min,microwave temperature of 60 ℃,hydrochloric acid concentration of 4 mol/L,hydrogen peroxide addition amount of 0.2 mL/g and liquid solid ratio of 7.5 mL/g,the leaching rate of the elements Y and Eu can reach 98.84% and 88.72%,which almost realizes the complete leaching of the rare earth elements in the red phosphors.Compared with the conventional heating method,the microwave radiation assisted leaching can significantly shorten the reaction time without reducing the leaching rate.It provides a technical basis for the rapid and efficient leaching of rare earth elements in waste phosphors.