原油减压渣油馏分的油-水界面性质I. 伊朗重质减渣馏分的油-水界面张力

采用超临界萃取分离技术对伊朗重质减压渣油按相对分子质量进行了分割。所得伊朗重质减渣馏分按馏分的先后，其平均相对分子质量逐渐增大，H／C原子比逐渐下降，芳香共轭成分含量逐渐升高。对各减渣馏分的油-水界面张力研究表明，伊朗重质减渣馏分具有高的界面活性，随着减渣馏分在油相中质量分数的增大，油-水界面张力显著下降。通过改变减渣馏分的界面吸附状态和吸附量，油相组成、水相中盐的含量及pH值的变化会影响油-水界面张力。

OIL-WATER INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF VACUUM RESIDUE FRACTIONS FROM CRUDE OIL I. Oil-Water Interfacial Tension of Vacuum Residue Fractions from Iranian Heavy Crude Oil

According to the molecular mass,the vacuum residuum from Iranian heavy crude oil was separated into fractions by the Supercritical fluid extraction and fractional (SFEF) technology.The chemical composition and the UV spectrum of each fraction were analyzed,showing that the content of aromatic component increased and the H/C atomic ratio decreased along with the increase of the relative molecular mass of the separated fractions.Investigation on interfacial tension of oil water phase of the separated fractions indicated that Iranian heavy vacuum residue was in high interface activity,the interfacial tension decreased greatly with the increase of the mass fraction of vacuum residue in oil phase.The composition of the oil phase,the salt content and the pH changes of the water phase can affect the interfacial tension of the oil water interface originated from the changes of the interfacial adsorption state and adsorption amount of the separated fractions.