反应堆退役放射性废金属的熔炼处理

反应堆退役将产生大量放射性废物金属，熔炼处理可使其减容、再循环再利用，以大量减少放射性废物处置量，回用绝大部分金属。熔炼处理有减容、整备、包容放射性核素、降低比活度、便于放射性监测等优点，但会产生二次废物、对一些放射性核素的去污效果不理想等缺点。因此采用这项工艺要预先用其他去污工艺去污，预计去污效果和落实再循环再利用的去向，还必须有效控制二次废物。

The Melting Treatment of Radioactive Scrap from Nuclear Reactor Decommissioning

Large amount of radioactive scrap will come out from reactor decommissioning. The melting treatment can be used for the volume reduction, the recycle and reuse of the radioactive scrap to reduce the mass of the radioactive waste disposal and to reuse most of the metal. The melting treatment has the advantages in volume reduction, conditioning, radionuclides confinement, reduction of radioactivity concentration, easy monitoring of radioactivity. But the decontamination for several radionuclides is not very effective and the new waste can be brought out. Therefore to use the melting technology other decontamination technology should be performed ahead, the decontamination effect of the melting should be predicted, the utility of recycle and reuse should be defined, and the secondary waste should be controlled effectively.