温度对金刚石刀具影响的理论模型和实验分析

为减小大型金属反射镜在金刚石车削中，刀具的热变形对加工精度的影响，研究了金刚石刀具在温度影响下的热变形规律，结合俄罗斯在热力学方面的研究成果，根据金刚石晶体和刀体的热膨胀系数和导温系数的不同，建立了刀具变形量随温度变化的理论计算模型，并采用高精度的热像仪和电感测微仪记录刀具的温度变化和变形量，发现当温度从23．4℃升高到32．1℃时，刀具变形量达到1．48μm．

Theoretical Model and Experimental Analysis of the Temperature Impacting on the Diamond Tools

The machining accuracy is always impacted by the thermal deformation of the cutting tools in the diamond turning of the large metallic mirrors. To solve this problem, the rules of the thermal deformation to temperature of the diamond tool were studied. In consideration of the different thermal expansion coefficients and thermal diffusivities of the diamond crystal and the tool carrier, the theoretical calculation model of the thermal deformation was established according to certain temperature change, and some research achievements made by Russian scientists were referenced. The changes of the deformation and temperature of the tool were measured and recorded by the commercialized precise thermal imager and inductance micrometer. And the results indicate that the tool deformation reaches about 1.48 μm as the temperature rises from 23.4 ℃ to 32.1 ℃.