自动化智能液压修井机结构设计

针对目前传统修井机小修作业存在的作业周期长、作业自动化程度低、人工劳动强度大、作业安全性差等问题，设计了一款新型自动化智能液压修井机，通过“‘PLC 程控/ 人控’多单元协调自动耦合控制+ 人机离线操控 ”的控制方式使修井机的各个关键系统相互协同作业，实现油田小型修井作业过程的自动化、无人化操作。该修井机改变了传统修井作业过程中管柱地面卧排的放置方式，采用管柱井口立放、双立根同时起下的工作模式，同时可以兼容单根起下、地面卧排的传统作业工艺， 与传统作业相比缩短了近20%~30% 的修井周期；采用全液压驱动方式，增加液压蓄能系统，通过变载荷变驱动方式的配置达到节能的目的，方便远程控制，同时提高了修井作业的安全性。

Structural design for automatic smart hydraulic workover rig

Conventional minor workover operations involving workover rigs are characterized by prolonged working durations, low degrees of automation, high labor intensities and poor operation safety performances. To solve these problems, an innovative automatic smart hydraulic workover rig was developed. With the control mode by combining “PLC/Manual automatic coupling control multiple components through coordination + man/machine offline operations”, all key systems of the workover rig can work in well-coordinated manner to facilitate automatic and unmanned minor workover operations in oilfields. Instead of horizontal arrangement of pipe-string on the ground in conventional workover operations, the new workover rig works in a mode that pipe-strings are placed vertically near the wellhead and two joints are tripped out simultaneously. Furthermore, the new workover rig may also be used for tripping of one joint in one trip with conventional horizontal placement of pipe string on the ground. Compared with conventional operations, the new workover rig can reduce the operation time by approximately 20%-30%. Fully driven by hydraulic system and with hydraulic accumulator system newly deployed, the new workover rig can save energy through configuration of driving modes with variable loads. In addition to facilitate remote control, the new workover rig mcan effectively enhance safety performance of workover operations.