垂线偏差对矿山测量成果的影响

垂线偏差是高等测量学中的一个基本概念,它对于测量成果的投影归算有重要影响。但是对于矿山测量来说,过去认为垂线偏差影响不大,一般不作考虑。随着许多矿山精密工程相继出现,测量工具和手段日益严密,垂线偏差的影响就成为不可忽视的因素。本文就垂线偏差对矿山工程测量中的水平方向观测、三角高程测量、距离测定、矿井联系测量等的影响问题,进行了深入的研究,导出了相应的改正计算公式;在进行定量分析的基础上.提出了供矿山测量实践参考的意见。

The influence of the Deflection of the Vertical on Mine Surveying Results

The deflection of the vertical which is a fundamental concept in Advanced Surveying has a great influence upon the projective reduction of the surveying results.It was considered that,however, the influence of the deflection of the vertical upon the minera- logical surveyings was insignificant and negligible.With the suc- cessive emergence of the precise mining projects and the strict- ness of the surveying instruments and methods day by day,the ef- fect of the deflection of the vertical becomes a factor not to be ignored. This paper describes the influence of the deflection of thever- tical upon the mineral engineering surveyings including horizontal direction observations,trigonometrical levellings,range measurements, and shaft connecting surveyings.A corresponding correction formule was presented.Based on the quantitative analysis,this paper has also put forward some referential suggestions to the mining surveying practice.