保护四大家鱼产卵的三峡水库生态调度研究

为了减轻三峡水库运行对流域生态系统的不利影响,针对四大家鱼产卵问题,结合历史水文数据,通过生态流组法分析其产卵期的生态水文事件组成,推求满足其产卵需求的流量过程,并通过生态调度对流量过程进行改进。结果表明,四大家鱼产卵过程是由低流量事件及高流量脉冲事件组成,构建的流量过程能够较好地满足四大家鱼产卵对洪水脉冲的需求,实施生态调度能够减轻三峡运行对其产卵造成的不利影响,有利于流域生态环境的改善和修复。

Ecological Operation of Three Gorges Reservoir for Protection of Four Major Chinese Carps Spawning

In order to reduce the adverse influence of The Three Gorges reservoir operation on ecological system, we focused on the problem of four major Chinese carps spawning. Combined with the hydrological data, eco-hydrological events of spawning period were analyzed and calculated by using Environment Flow Components Calculation Algorithm. With the statistical result of the ecological event parameters, the ecological flow process which can meet the spawning demand was proposed, and it was improved by ecological operation. The results indicate that the four major Chinese carps spawning process is compose of low flow event and high-flow pulse event, the proposed flow process can meet its spawning demand of flood pulse. The ecological operation is beneficial to four major Chinese carps spawning and ecological system restoration.