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Environmental impact assessment of bio-hydrogenated diesel from hydrogen and co-product of palm oil industry |
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| Authors: | Bulin Boonrod Paweena Prapainainar Viganda Varabuntoonvit Kandis Sudsakorn Chaiwat Prapainainar |
| Affiliation: | 1. Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology (PETROMAT), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;2. Research Network of NANOTEC – KU on NanoCatalysts and NanoMaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Ladyaow, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, King Mongkut''s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand;4. Research and Development Center for Chemical Unit Operation and Catalyst Design, Science and Technology Research Institute, King Mongkut''s University of Technology North Bangkok, 1518 Pracharat 1 Road, Wongsawang, Bangsue, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand |
| Abstract: | Bio-hydrogenated diesel (BHD) is a second generation biofuel that can be produced from vegetable oil and hydrogen via hydroprocessing. BHD is considered as one of alternative and renewable energy. This work presents evaluation of environmental impacts of BHD produced from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) compared to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Greenhouse gas emission, energy consumption, and overall environmental impacts are assessed. System boundary is from palm oil cultivation to BHD production. The functional unit is defined as 1 kg of fuel produced at the plant. The results indicate that energy consumption of BHD-PFAD is 1.18 times higher than that of BHD-FAME, while giving GHG emission 13.56 times lower than that of BHD-FAME. The results of overall environmental impacts indicated that BHD-PFAD was 3.58 greater than that of BHD-FAME. |
| Keywords: | Life cycle assessment Bio-hydrogenated diesel Palm fatty acid distillate Fatty acid methyl ester Greenhouse gas Energy consumption |
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