基于拓扑优化方法的大型液压挖掘机斗杆新型结构

以斗杆结构强度为基准，采用结构优化的方法，设计了大型液压挖掘机正铲工作装置斗杆新结构。采用离散元方法，构建矿山岩石模型，获得铲斗挖掘阻力；采用多体动力学方法，搭建大型液压挖掘机正铲工作装置刚柔耦合动力学模型，获得挖掘机斗杆挖掘工况斗杆动态载荷，并对斗杆进行动态结构强度分析；采用SIMP插值函数的变密度拓扑优化方法，在有限元中对斗杆结构进行拓扑优化设计，获得大型液压挖掘机正铲工作装置新型斗杆结构；对新型斗杆结构进行动态结构强度分析，斗杆结构强度保持原有水平。研究结果表明，通过拓扑优化后得到的新型斗杆，结构强度与类比设计一致，但质量减小。

New Stick Structures of Large Hydraulic Excavators Using Topology Optimization Method

Based on the structural strengths of the sticks, a new stick structure of the working devices of large shovel hydraulic excavators was designed by the method of structure optimization. Mine rock model was build by using the discrete element method, and the digging resistances of the bucket were obtained. The rigid-flexible coupling model of the working devices of the large shovel hydraulic excavators was established by using the multi-body dynamics method, the dynamic loads of the sticks during the stick digging were obtained, and the dynamic structural strengths of the sticks were analyzed. The topology optimization design of the stick structures in finite element was carried out by using the variable density topology optimization method of SIMP interpolating function, and the new stick structures of the working devices of large shovel hydraulic excavators were obtained. The dynamic structure strengths of the new stick structures were analyzed, the strengths of the new stick structures maintained the original level. The results indicate that the new stick structure has the same strength as the analogy designed, while the weights of the sticks are reduced.