山普拉墓地出土绞编毛绦带编织技术考释

山普拉墓地出土的7条绞编毛绦带组织结构复杂,织物密度极高,可作为研究古代手编绦带技艺的技术样本。文章采用类型学的研究方法,将样本与考古出土绞编纺织品实物进行比较。在织造工具方面,通过对新疆本地区民族学现存的综版织机类型分析比对,并采用实验考古学的研究方法,基于实地测量所得样本数据,利用四孔综版织机,从技术角度对毛绦带进行工艺复原实践。最终实现了编织方法、织物组织结构、经纬密度、图案外观等基础数据的一致。研究认为,汉晋时期的西域地区已出现二孔及四孔综版式织机,并广泛用于编织毛绦带。

Analysis of knitting technology of twisted woolen belt in Shanpra tomb

The seven twisted woolen belts unearthed from the Shanpra tomb have a complicated structure and high fabric density,which can be used as technical samples for studying the ancient hand-knitted belt technology.A typological research method was used to compare the samples with the archeologically untangled textiles.In terms of weaving tools,the types of existing heald loom in Xinjiang were analyzed and compared.Experimental archaeological research methods and a four-hole heald loom were used to perform technical restoration of woolen belt according to the sample data obtained from field measurements.Finally,the consistency of basic data such as weaving method,fabric structure,warp and weft density,and pattern appearance was achieved.Studies suggest that two-hole and four-hole heald looms appeared in the Western Regions during the Han and Jin dynasties,and were widely used to weave woolen belts.