Thermal depolarization and electromechanical hardening in Zn2+-doped Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-BaTiO3 |
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| Authors: | Lalitha Kodumudi Venkataraman Tingting Zhu Monica Pinto Salazar Kathrin Hofmann Aamir Iqbal Waidha J. C. Jaud Pedro B. Groszewicz Jürgen Rödel |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany;2. Institute of Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany;3. Eduard-Zintl-Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-based materials have been earmarked for one of the first large-volume applications of lead-free piezoceramics in high-power ultrasonics. Zn2+-doping is demonstrated as a viable route to enhance the thermal depolarization temperature and electromechanically harden (1-y)Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-yBaTiO3 (NBT100yBT) with a maximum achievable operating temperature of 150 °C and mechanical quality factor of 627 for 1 mole % Zn2+-doped NBT6BT. Although quenching from sintering temperatures has been recently touted to enhance TF-R, with quenching the doped compositions featuring an additional increase in TF-R by 17 °C, it exhibits negligible effect on the electromechanical properties. The effect is rationalized considering the missing influence on conductivity and therefore, negligible changes in the defect chemistry upon quenching. High-resolution diffraction indicates that Zn2+-doped samples favor the tetragonal phase with enhanced lattice distortion, further corroborated by 23Na Nuclear Magnetic Resonance investigations. |
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| Keywords: | electromechanical hardening Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 quenching thermal depolarization Zn2+-doping |
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