基于HOMER和禁忌算法的高速公路光储充一体化电站容量优化

为充分利用清洁能源、减少快充电站对电网的冲击，针对并网状态下的高速公路光伏充电站提出了一种容量分级优化策略。首先，分析了光伏充电站容量优化模型及充电需求模型，提出用基于时刻充电概率的蒙特卡洛法进行高速公路充电站的负荷预测，得到充电需求曲线；在综合考虑生命周期内建设成本、运行成本、置换成本、环境成本等系统净现总成本TNPC （total net present cost）小和光伏供电比高的基础上，考虑混合储能，建立了高速公路光伏充电站容量分级优化配置模型，利用HOMER和禁忌算法相结合进行求解。最后，以周期25年使用寿命为例，对高速公路光伏充电站进行优化配置，从容量变化趋势及储能出力等方面进行分析，结果表明，当敏感变量售电量增大和最大容量缺额比减小时，系统配置容量将增大；混合储能比单一储能更加可靠和经济。

Hierarchical Optimization for Capacity of PV-integrated EV Charging Station on Expressway Based on HOMER and Tabu Algorithm

To make full use of renewable resources and reduce the impact of fast charging stations on power grid, a hierarchical optimization strategy for the capacity of PV-integrated EV charging stations in grid-connected state on the expressway is proposed. First, the capacity optimization model and charging demand model of a PV-integrated EV charging station are analyzed, and the Monte Carlo method based on time charging probability is introduced into the load forecasting of expressway charging station to obtain the charging demand curve. Considering the high PV energy permeability and the system''s small total net present cost(TNPC) including the cost of construction, operation, replacement and environment, a hierarchical optimization capacity configuration model of the PV-integrated EV charging station on the expressway is established, which is solved by combining HOMER and the Tabu algorithm. Finally, the service life of 25 years is taken as an example, and the optimal capacity configuration of the PV-integrated EV charging station on the expressway is conducted. From the analysis of aspects such as the changing trend of capacity and energy storage output, it is shown that the system capacity will increase when sensitive variables change, e.g., the grid sale capacity increases and the maximum capacity shortage decreases. In addition, hybrid energy storage is more reliable and economical than one single energy storage.