复杂采空区充填开采对地面建筑的影响研究

矿山地下开采引起的围岩应力变化及地表变形影响着地面建筑物的安全。采用ABAQUS有限元软件对金属矿山充填开采引起的岩体变形及地表移动规律进行了研究。以矿山实际开采现状及实测数据为基础，建立了具有复杂空间结构的三维地层模型，利用子程序SIGINI编程施加地应力，采用修正Mohr-Coulomb模型模拟岩体，计算得出：由于围岩力学强度较高，开采引起顶板下沉量相对较小，充填对于控制底鼓具有一定抑制作用；预留矿柱主要承受较大竖向压应力，矿柱尺寸越小压缩量越大；地表充填站位于采空区边缘位置，水平及竖向位移相对较小，地表变形主要集中在采空区中部位置。研究成果可为矿山安全开采提供依据，为地面监测点的选择提供参考。

Influence of Backfill Mining in Complex Goaf on Ground Buildings

The surrounding rock stress changes and the surface deformation caused by underground mining affect the safety of the ground buildings. The finite element software ABAQUS was used to study the rock mass deformation and surface movement caused by backfill mining in metal mine. Based on the actual mining status and measured data of the mine，a threedimensional stratigraphic model with complex spatial structure was established. The sub-program SIGINI was used to program the ground stress，and the modified Mohr-Coulomb modelrock was adopted to simulate the rock mass. It is calculated that: due to the high mechanical strength of the surrounding rock，the roof settlement caused by the mining is relatively small，and the filling plays a certain inhibitory effect on control of the bottom drum. The reserved pillar is mainly subjected to large verti cal compressive stress. The smaller the size of the pillar is，the larger the compression is. The surface filling station is located at the edge of the goaf，with relatively low horizontal and vertical displacements. The surface deformation is mainly concen trated in the middle of the goaf. The research results can provide a basis for safe mining of resources and a reference for the se lection of ground monitoring points.