类加权主成分分析在企业物流绩效评价中的应用

以企业物流绩效为研究对象,建立了一种较全面的二层次指标体系,综合考虑了财务、客户、市场、业务以及学习等各方面的绩效指标,并将上层指标看作是下层指标的指标类.利用层次分析法确定全体指标和每个指标类的权重系数,并对指标进行主成分分析,求得主成分;对标准化指标进行加权处理,同时考虑指标类的权重,建立了类加权主成分评价模型.通过一个示例对企业物流绩效进行评价,并将评价结果分别与主成分分析和加权主成分分析进行了比较.该模型将层次分析法的主观分析与主成分分析法的客观分析相结合,不仅考虑了全体指标的重要程度,而且考虑了物流绩效指标类的重要度差异,更加符合客观实际.

Class Weighted Principal Components Analysis Model and Its Application to Logistics Performance Evaluation

This paper establishes a two-level index system of logistics performance,which consists of finance index,customer index,market index,process index,and creativity index.The higher-level index is regarded as the class of lower-level index.The weight of all indexes and the weight of index classes are decided by Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP);and all indexes are analyzed by Principal Components Analysis(PCA);then standardized indexes are weighted and weights of index class are introduced to establish class weighted principal components analysis(CWPCA) model.Finally,logistics performance is evaluated through an example,and evaluation result is compared with PCA and weighted principal components analysis(WPCA).This model combines the subjectivity of AHP with the objectivity of PCA and not only allows for the weight of all indexes but includes the weight of all aspect of logistics performance.The evaluation results are more objective and rational.