生物胺降解乳酸菌的筛选与特性研究

为筛选出高效降解生物胺的优良乳酸菌，该研究以实验室前期筛选的41株乳酸菌作为研究对象，运用显色培养、高效液相色谱（HPLC）法对菌株生物胺产生和降解能力进行筛选，并对筛选出的菌株进行耐盐及耐酸实验。结果表明，筛选得到5株高效降解生物胺菌株，其中以植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）30的生物胺降解能力最好，其对尸胺、组胺、酪胺的降解率分别为62.42%、74.32%、89.97%。植物乳杆菌30能在含盐量0～9%和pH为4.5～8.5环境中较好的生长繁殖，该菌株无生物胺生成活性，并同时具备生物胺降解能力和耐盐耐酸能力，可作为蛋白质类发酵食品的发酵剂运用于食品中降低生物胺毒性。

Screening and characteristics of lactic acid bacteria degrading biogenic amines

In order to screen the excellent lactic acid bacteria with high efficiency in degrading biogenic amines,41 strains of lactic acid bacteria screened in the early stage of the laboratory were used as the research objects.The ability of producing and degrading biogenic amines of the strains was tested by color culture and HPLC method,and the salt and acid resistance of the strains were tested.The results showed that 5 strains with high ability of biogenic amines degradation were screened,among which Lactobacillus plantarum 30 had the optimal biodegradation ability,with the degradation rates of cadaverine,histamine and tyramine of 62.42%,74.32%and 89.97%,respectively.Through the salt and acid tolerance experiment,it was found that L.plantarum 30 could grow and reproduce well in the environment with 0-9%salt content and pH 4.5-8.5.The strain had no biogenic amines production activity,and possessed biogenic amines degradation and salt-tolerance.It could be used as a starter for fermented protein foods to reduce the toxicity of biogenic amines.