纳滤和反渗透膜形貌结构与膜性能关系探索

纳滤和反渗透膜表面形貌结构、亲疏水性的性质与膜脱盐率、水通量等性能存在一定关系。对几款商用纳滤、反渗透膜进行表面形貌结构、表面粗糙度、亲水性表征。结果表明,纳滤膜表面平整粗糙度低、亲水性强、脱盐率较低,但水通量高。反渗透膜表面存在大量疏松的峰谷结构,比纳滤膜粗糙度更大、亲水性强。对比两款海水反渗透膜,推测调整反渗透膜"叶片"大小和数量可调节反渗透膜的脱盐率和水通量性能。

Study on the reIationship between the morphoIogies of nanofiItration and reverse osmose membranes and their performances

The surface morphologies,hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of nanofiltration and reverse osmose(NF and RO) membranes have a certain relationship with their performances,such as membrane salt rejection,water flux, etc. Some commercial NF and RO are characterized by surface morphologies ,roughness and hydrophilicity. The results show that the surface of NF membranes has low roughness,strong hydrophilicity,low salt rejection,but high water flux. The surface of RO membranes has many peak-valley structures and higher roughness and strong hydrophi-licity. Comparing two kinds of sea water RO membranes ,it is surmised that adjusting the size and the number of the RO“leaf”can adjust the salt rejection and water flux performances of RO membrane.